(Source: xvariable)

Are Humans the Greatest Things Created by the Human Hand? - Facts So Romantic - Nautilus

On Elections in the United States

Within 24 hours we will have the same, or a new president, for 2013. I don’t frequent this Facebook medium often because I believe that most posts are vacuous time fillers that don’t help anyone. In rare moments, such as these, I will post 
on here instead of reading what others say. I simply want to let you all know that I want you to vote today, if your have not. A part of being born into a Democratic-Republic is choosing the betters that are responsible for choosing the laws that will govern you. The portion of this that makes sense, to me, is that the majority of people that give a good god damn vote, and raise the Representative that they most feel reflect their own conceptions of justice to a seat of power. Should I live amognst a minority, I will bear it; as millions have for the past four years and me a prior eight. I will take this moment to record I am an independent voter. I am the vote that is coveted by Republican and Democratic alike. This year I voted for Obama. Last year I voted for Obama. I will tell you why. 

I am a scientist. I use science as a litmus. Or, if you are up on the political lingo of our time: a talmismanic. As is often the case neither electoral proponent is using this term in the traditional meaning (a magical effect), but as a way to read additional opinions that may impact the election (e.g. gay rights, the economy). Funny thing is, almost no one talks about science. This might because they are both crap at it. Despite the rhetoric of Obama, he is somewhat displaced in his opinions of the link between vaccines and autism (which has been struck down time and again) while Romney et al.,… well his party (but not him always) are not comfortable with a lot of things (e.g. climate change, evolution, geology, cosmology, physics, biology, etc.). Because of this, the choice for me is simple, but I don’t want anyone to think that I don’t consider the other issues. I simply value science and science education above every other popular (red herring? Yes, on both sides) issue in the media today. 

My vote is simply because I observe an equation through the ages: Math & Science -> invention -> innovation -> desirable products -> export = $ -> jobs. True since the scientific revolution and the founding of Greenwich mean time; the trackable sails, cannons and opium trade with China; the iron-sides and factory system during the American Revolution; and the formation of the Silicon Valley from a Californian garage; and true now (Hit the F1 key now and tell me that wasn’t formulated for and by an American). To me jobs are created by scientifically literate innovators that are capable of producing products that the rest of the world are interested in. Knowadays anyone can produce glass, steel, circuit boards, and innovate computer code. Which of our children will think of the next thing our country can do? Stem cells (don’t use embryonic anymore), cybernetics (look up Oscar Pistorius to see if the world isn’t worried), and cell hacking (http://www.nature.com/news/2010/101006/full/467650a.html) to see where science and economics may actually converge. Everyone is talking about amendment 64 in Colorado, but there is so much more on the line. I may be wrong on all of this, but as a scientist, I am open to alternate evidence. Try to grab that quote from either hardcore parties (yes independents are their own parties). 

They (Republicans, Democrats, and the media) pick the simple issues of economic reform and abortion because there is a clear dichotomy between the two, which is easy to communicate to a public with a 15 second attention span. I bet those that are still reading that are not the people I have referred to in the last sentence. I bet that those who are sill reading this are free thinkers that are able to pick the values that are important to them. I have stated my own, and I urge you to read the candidates for what they are (sign-posts for a bipartisan society). This is all we have (thank you: Washington, Hamilton, Jefferson, and Adams), and neither is satisfactory. Pick from each. 

For me, I want your kids to learn math and science and be able to take advantage of the future. The rest of the world is out there and they haven’t missed a beat. Choose where we, as a nation, go next and know that you have as just as much of chance of being right as I do. As a scientist, I have a certain trust in the knowledge of the masses, but as a historian I remember how democracy failed Athens. I often wonder how history will recall the United States, and I urge each of you (whichever your pick) to write our story.
To all my European friends: Sorry for the patriotic feel, you know why I came back. 

Archaeological News: Kennewick Man bones not from Columbia Valley, scientist tells tribes

archaeologicalnews:

ELLENSBURG — In a historic first meeting of two very different worlds, Columbia Plateau tribal leaders met privately Tuesday with the scientist who led the court battle to study Kennewick Man.

The skeleton, more than 9,500 years old, has long been at the center of a rift between tribal…

Music recommendations?

I need music recommendations while I process data. The stuff I have now is threadbare and lacks the impact it once had. Just send me a message or reblog with a reply? Thanks. 

Roman beads found in 5th century Japanese tomb

So this time period is generally off my radar, but this is one of those incredibly interesting finds that nudges the sleeping historian in me. 

archeomoonwalker:

Warden’s Point - 47 Million Year Old Isle of Sheppey (by ArchaeoMoonwalkerPro)

Send me an ask while the computers compute?

I can’t say I will answer anything anyone asks, but I will be amused by what I get. Maybe the amusment will be mutual.

On doing science.

Just me, old bones, four high powered workstations, and a pot of coffee. Hello 4.am.

Quite content

Been very busy as of late, but I am content with the results. Currently I am surrounded by hand bones at the Max Planck, which I am sorting through as I wait for my data to load onto the computers. This may be my happy place.

oldowan:

Blond hair evolved independently in Pacific islands
Science can’t yet tell us whether they have more fun – but it has uncovered a new genetic change that makes people blond. And contrary to long held belief, it seems golden hair hasn’t simply been introduced across the globe by travelling tow heads, but instead evolved separately in different human populations.
Indigenous people of the Solomon Islands in the South Pacific have some of the darkest skin pigmentation outside of Africa. But unlike most other tropical populations, they also have a high prevalence of blond hair. Up to 10 per cent of the population is fair haired, the highest proportion outside of Europe. Until now, this odd trait had generally been attributed to the introduction of blond genes by European explorers and traders in preceding centuries. “We originally thought, well that must be a Captain Cook allele,” says Carlos Bustamante at Stanford University.
Yet a closer look revealed that the genetics behind blond hair in Brussels are distinct from those leading to flaxen locks in the South Pacific.

oldowan:

Blond hair evolved independently in Pacific islands

Science can’t yet tell us whether they have more fun – but it has uncovered a new genetic change that makes people blond. And contrary to long held belief, it seems golden hair hasn’t simply been introduced across the globe by travelling tow heads, but instead evolved separately in different human populations.

Indigenous people of the Solomon Islands in the South Pacific have some of the darkest skin pigmentation outside of Africa. But unlike most other tropical populations, they also have a high prevalence of blond hair. Up to 10 per cent of the population is fair haired, the highest proportion outside of Europe. Until now, this odd trait had generally been attributed to the introduction of blond genes by European explorers and traders in preceding centuries. “We originally thought, well that must be a Captain Cook allele,” says Carlos Bustamante at Stanford University.

Yet a closer look revealed that the genetics behind blond hair in Brussels are distinct from those leading to flaxen locks in the South Pacific.

(Source: theolduvaigorge)

Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of Devensian hyaenas from Creswell Crags, England

I love it when clever proxies are used to answer questions of human dispersal events. This recent paper by Danae Doge and colleagues used aDNA from hyenas to give us a greater understanding of when the repeated colonization of the UK. I know I will be citing it soon. 

The Evolution of Skin

oldowan:

Skin is the body’s largest organ, and one with a complex cultural and evolutionary past. At the upcoming SciCafe on Wednesday, May 2, biological anthropologist Nina Jablonski will discuss how human skin evolved, particularly as an adaptation to ultraviolet radiation. She recently answered a few questions about skin and its role in our lives.

When did you decide to study the history of human skin?

Nina Jablonski: By accident. About 23 years ago, a colleague asked me to give a lecture to his class about skin because he was going to be out of town for a conference. I obliged. In preparing for the lecture, I realized just how little had been written about the evolution and meaning of human skin.

Why is human skin unique?

Jablonski: The “primary uniqueness” of human skin is that it is mostly hairless. Because of this, the skin itself, rather than hair covering it, is the body’s main protection against physical assault. Many of the most important and distinctive attributes of skin are consequences of hairlessness. Our mostly hairless skin is tough, colorful, and available for deliberate decoration.

How do climate and geographical location affect skin color?

Jablonski: Skin color is closely related to intensity of ultraviolet radiation, or UVR. Higher concentrations of melanin pigment are protective against high levels of UVR. Lower levels of melanin are an adaptation to lower UVR. Modern humans evolved in equatorial Africa over 120,000 years ago, and our original skin color was dark. As humans dispersed outside of equatorial latitudes beginning around 80,000 years ago, populations entering the highest latitudes with the lowest UVR underwent genetic changes leading to loss of pigmentation.

Is human skin still evolving?

Jablonski: It may still be evolving, but not at the same rate it did earlier in our history. Modern humans use mostly cultural means like clothing and shelters to protect themselves from extremes of sunlight and temperature. Our skin is no longer under the environmental stress that it was, say, 50,000 years ago.

What effect are modern indoor lifestyles having on our skin?

Jablonski: The biggest effect that modern lifestyles have on us is the slowing or prevention of vitamin D production in the skin. Most people today live in cities and are protected from the UVR that starts the process of vitamin D production in skin. As a result, many people are deficient in this important vitamin.

What’s the most misunderstood thing about human skin?

Jablonski: People generally don’t appreciate just how much their skin does for them, in being a protective covering, a biochemical factory, and a canvas for self-expression.

(Source: theolduvaigorge)

Nobody fears the height, you all just fear the fall. Go to the edge sometime, and prove your body wrong. You land badly, but you crash standing.

Dessa